Electric Circuit, path for transmitting electric current. An electric circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles constituting the current, such as a battery or a generator; devices that use current, such as lamps, electric motors, or computers; and the connecting wires or transmission lines. Two of the basic laws that mathematically describe the performance of electric circuits are Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s rules.
Electric Circuits are classified in several ways. A direct-current circuit carries current that flows only in one direction. An alternating-current circuit carries current that pulsates back and forth many times each second, as in most household circuits.
A conductive "path," such as wire, or printed etches on a circuit board
A "source" of electrical power, such as a battery or household wall outlet
A "load" that needs electrical power to operate, such as a lamp.
A source of electrical energy, in this case, simple household current
A protective device that senses current flow on the circuit, the circuit breaker in the panel box